Civil War

Exeter suffered terrible damage in the Civil War between Charles I and Parliament of 1642-6. Within the city loyalties were divided. The Roundhead (pro-Parliament) faction triumphed at first and Exeter defended itself in 1642-3 for Parliament against the Royalist forces of the west. The city wall was repaired, gun batteries were set up and ditches deepened. Nevertheless the Royalist armies eventually captured the city in 1643 and held it until early 1646. By that time the defences had been made even stronger, but a triumphant Parliamentary force led by Sir Thomas Fairfax recaptured the city.

The city was left very badly damaged, especially the suburbs, which had been laid waste. Building began there rapidly in the 1650s; by the time of the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 recovery was well advanced.

  • The destruction of the suburbs image

    The destruction of the suburbs

  • Plans of the defences outside East Gate image

    Plans of the defences outside East Gate

  • Reconstruction of the defences at East Gate image

    Reconstruction of the defences at East Gate

  • Aerial view of excavations outside South Gate image

    Aerial view of excavations outside South Gate

  • Excavation of a trench through the outer ditch of the Civil War defences image

    Excavation of a trench through the outer ditch of the Civil War defences

  • Plans showing defences outside South Gate image

    Plans showing defences outside South Gate

  • Hayes Barton image

    Hayes Barton

  • Musket shot from Hayes Barton image

    Musket shot from Hayes Barton

  • The Armour from Exeter Castle image

    The Armour from Exeter Castle

  • Two cabassets image

    Two cabassets

  • A lobster–tailed helmet image

    A lobster–tailed helmet

  • A breastplate with attached tassets image

    A breastplate with attached tassets

  • A tract recording the negotiations leading to the surrender of Exeter image

    A tract recording the negotiations leading to the surrender of Exeter

  • A tract recording the terms of surrender of Exeter image

    A tract recording the terms of surrender of Exeter

  • The cloth market in the cathedral cloisters image

    The cloth market in the cathedral cloisters

  • The cloister today image

    The cloister today

  • The Exeter flute glass image

    The Exeter flute glass

  • Tudor House, Exe Island image

    Tudor House, Exe Island

  • Simon Snow’s house image

    Simon Snow’s house

  • Door at Adelaide Court, St Sidwells image

    Door at Adelaide Court, St Sidwells

  • The financial diary of John Hayne image

    The financial diary of John Hayne

  • Four Exeter half–crowns (reverses) image

    Four Exeter half–crowns (reverses)

  • Four Exeter half–crowns (obverses) image

    Four Exeter half–crowns (obverses)

  • Six Exeter crowns (obverses) image

    Six Exeter crowns (obverses)

  • Six Exeter crowns (reverses) image

    Six Exeter crowns (reverses)

  • The reverse of an Exeter half–crown image

    The reverse of an Exeter half–crown

  • A hand–grenade image

    A hand–grenade

  • Plan of the City Defences image

    Plan of the City Defences

  • The Elizabethan country house at Hayes Barton image

    The Elizabethan country house at Hayes Barton

  • Sword image

    Sword

  • Buff coat image

    Buff coat

  • Undershirt image

    Undershirt

  • Leggings image

    Leggings

  • Trousers image

    Trousers

  • Boots image

    Boots

  • Armour image

    Armour

  • Armour for the arms image

    Armour for the arms

  • Armour for the legs image

    Armour for the legs

  • Helmet image

    Helmet